024电力载波通信电路研究论文

中文摘要

电力线通信是继电信,电话,无线通讯,卫星通讯之后的又一通信网｡电力线载波通信就是以电力网作为信道,实现数据传递和信息交换｡因为电源线路是每个家庭最为普通也是覆盖最为宽广的一种物理媒介,所以利用电力线实现数据通信有着很大的经济效益和应用前景｡

由于低压范围内电力线网络的非规则性,传输距离的随意性,以及电力线上负载变化的多样性,使得干扰问题成为制约低压电力线载波通信发展和普及的主要障碍｡本课题在对低压电力线的传输特性和接收调制技术进行分析的基础上,将对电力载波通信的接收和发送电路进行设计研究,主要研究内容如下:

(1)对低压电力线的传输特性进行分析,在低压电力线上进行信号的传输,突出表现在工作环境恶劣,线路阻抗小,信号衰减强,干扰与时变性大等特点,因此,对于低压电力线载波信道特性,本文将做必要进一步具体分析:

(2)利用仿真软件EWB,对自行设计的自动增益控制放大电路(AGC)进行模拟仿真,验证其实验结果｡其目的是要完成小信号的放大,同时保证输入信号幅值过大时,放大器不会饱和失真,此级具有自动增益控制能力｡

(3)设计耦合电路,载波调频信号从电力线上可以通过耦合电路进入到解调电路,耦合电路是一个带通滤波电路,是实现将信号频带外的其他频率滤除的功能电路｡耦合电路设计的基本要求包括:将强电与弱电隔离；通过有用的载波调频信号；滤除带外干扰和噪声；能够双向传输,即能收能发｡

(4)设计发送驱动电路,并利用EWB仿真软件对其进行仿真验证｡调相信号经该级驱动后,经电容耦合,直接送入耦合电路｡

关键词：传输特性，接收调制技术，自动增益控制，耦合电路，发送驱动电路

ELECTRICITY CARRIER COMMUNICATION

CIRCUIT

Abstract

Telecommunication, telephone, wireless conminucatian, satellite communication after another communication network. Electricity network is a power line carrier communication network as access to data transmission and information exchange. Because every family is the most ordinary power lines also is the most broad coverage of a physical media, the use of power lines for data communications have great economic benefits and application prospects.

The low voltage power-line network within the rules of non-sexual, transmission distance arbitrariness, and power line load change diversity makes low voltage power line interference issues have become carriers of the main obstacles to development and diffusion of communications. The topic of low-voltage electricity transmission line characteristics and receiving technical analysis prepared on the basis of electricity carrier will receive and send communications circuit design research, the main research reads as follows :

(1) Characteristics of low-voltage electricity transmission line analysis, in low voltage electricity transmission line to signal that can be highlighted in the working conditions, small circuit impedance, signal attenuation strong, interference with the characteristics of degenerative large. For low-voltage power lines carrier access, which will be necessary to do further specific analysis.

(2) Use simulation software EWB, designed AGC enlarged circuits (AGC) simulation, the certification of its experimental results. The aim is to complete the small signals enlarged, while guaranteeing signal worth importing excessive, the amplifier will not saturation distortion, this class should have AGC.

(3) Design coupled circuits, carrier FM signals from the power line can be coupled circuits entered demodulate circuit, coupled with a recovery circuit is a circuit that will be achieved outside the signal band frequency filter out other functional circuits. Coupling circuit design of the basic requirements include : strong will power and weak electricity segregation; FM signals; through useful carrier outside interference and to filter out noise; To two-way transmission, which can be made collect.

(4) Sent driven circuit design, and use their simulation EWB simulation software certification. PM signals, viacapacitance coupling, coupled directly into the circuit.

Key words: Transmission,Receive,Agc,Drive Circuit,Coupled Circuit

第一章　绪论··· 1

1.1 课题的意义··· 1

1.2 课题研究的目的··· 1

1.3 课题研究的技术要求··· 1

第二章电力载波通信的基本原理以及发展··· 2

2.1 传统的电力线载波通信原理··· 2

2.1.1 传统的低压电力线载波通信分析··· 2

2.1.2 主要数字调制解调技术的比较··· 2

2.2 电力载波通信技术与管理上的问题··· 3

2.2.1 载波频率分配使用中的问题··· 3

2.3.3 频谱的扩展的实现和直接序列扩频··· 5

2.3.4 扩频通信的优点··· 5

第三章低压电力线传输特性分析··· 6

3.1 低压电力线系统信道分析··· 6

3.1.1 低压电力线上输入阻抗的变化特性 · 6

3.1.2 高频信号的衰减及其变化规律··· 7

3.2 低压电力线传输干扰特性分析··· 8

3.2.1 干扰的周期性··· 8

3.2.2 干扰的随机性··· 9

3.2.3 干扰的多变性··· 10

3.3 低压电力线上的噪声特性··· 10

3.3.1 噪声分类··· 10

3.3.2 噪声分析··· 11

第四章EWB简介··· 12

第五章AGC电路的设计与仿真··· 14

5.1 AGC电路的原理简介··· 14

5.1.1AGC电路原理··· 14

5.1.2 简单的自动增益控制电路··· 15

5.1.3 AGC电路的分类··· 15

5.1.4 AGC的性能指标··· 16

5.2 本次设计的AGC电路··· 16

第六章耦合电路的设计与仿真··· 21

6.1 电力线信道特性与通信模式··· 21

6.1.1 电力线的信道特性··· 21

6.1.2 通信模式和载波接口电路的分析··· 21

6.2 耦合电路设计的基本要求··· 22

6.3 本次设计的耦合电路··· 22

6.3.1 耦合电路的设计··· 22

6.3.2 滤波器的设计··· 23

第七章发送驱动电路的设计与仿真··· 25

7.1 国内外电力线载波调制芯片简介··· 25

7.1.1 我国可使用的电力线载波调制芯片: 25

7.1.2 本次研究设计的电力载波通信调制芯片··· 26

7.1.3 PL2101的工作原理··· 28

7.2 发送驱动电路的设计··· 28

7.2.1 接口电路的分析··· 28

7.2.2 发送电路的分析··· 29

结论··· 31

谢辞··· 32

参考文献··· 33

附录··· 34

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